At a Glance
- Coinbase created an independent advisory board to assess quantum-computing risks to blockchain.
- The board will publish threat studies, give guidance to developers and institutions, and respond to new breakthroughs.
- Experts warn that a cryptographically relevant quantum computer could break current blockchain security by the mid-2030s.
Why it matters: The move signals the crypto industry’s shift toward pre-emptive security amid growing quantum-tech progress.
In early 2026, Coinbase announced the formation of an independent advisory board focused on quantum computing threats to blockchain networks. The announcement came after Google’s Willow chip and other advances pushed the timeline for potential quantum attacks closer to reality. The board’s mandate is to evaluate risks, publish research, and advise on upgrades that could keep crypto secure.
The Threat of Quantum Computing
A cryptographically relevant quantum computer (CRQC) would enable anyone to spend from any blockchain address, rendering current cryptographic schemes ineffective. The risk is not theoretical; organizations such as the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and IBM have outlined the mid-2030s as the period when CRQCs could become practical.
Key points:
- Quantum algorithms can solve the discrete-log and integer-factorization problems that underpin Bitcoin and Ethereum signatures.
- A successful attack would allow an adversary to forge signatures and transfer funds without the private keys.
- Existing protocols could be upgraded to quantum-resistant schemes, but the transition requires careful coordination.
Coinbase’s Response
The new advisory board, officially named the Coinbase Independent Advisory Board on Quantum Computing and Blockchain, will:
- Publish papers assessing threat levels.
- Issue recommendations to institutions and developers.
- Respond to new breakthroughs as they arise.
Board members include:
- Scott Aaronson, Director of the Quantum Information Center at the University of Texas at Austin.
- Dan Boneh, Co-Director of the Stanford Center for Blockchain Research.
These experts bring deep knowledge of both quantum theory and blockchain architecture, positioning the board to deliver actionable guidance.
Industry Context
The conversation around quantum readiness has been amplified by financial leaders such as Ray Dalio, founder of Bridgewater, and Jan van Eck, CEO of VanEck. They argue that quantum risk is a barrier to further institutional investment in crypto.
Major tech firms are also preparing:
- Google and Amazon have already implemented changes to anticipate what has become known as Q-Day.
- NIST and IBM have issued guidance on quantum-resistant cryptography.
These developments illustrate that the threat is being taken seriously across both public and private sectors.
Decentralized vs Centralized
Decentralized systems, like Bitcoin, are harder to upgrade than centralized fintech firms. Centralized entities can make decisions quickly, whereas blockchain networks require consensus across many stakeholders.
Because upgrades take longer, the crypto community is urged to start addressing quantum risk now, before the threat becomes imminent.
Bitcoin’s Unique Position
Bitcoin’s development process remains highly decentralized. The last protocol change-Taproot-was activated in 2021. Unlike more centralized networks, Bitcoin’s governance structure can lead to heated disputes over upgrades.
Some Bitcoin developers fear that a quantum-ready attack could target the roughly half a trillion dollars worth of Bitcoin held in old, unused addresses. Others, like Blockstream CEO Adam Back, caution that fear-based changes should be avoided.
> “The correct approach isn’t fear but readiness for the worst potential outcome,” said Adam Back, longtime cypherpunk and Blockstream CEO.
A draft Bitcoin Improvement Proposal (BIP) is currently under review to address quantum concerns, but consensus remains uncertain.
Looking Ahead
The crypto industry’s proactive stance reflects the broader trend of preparing for Q-Day. While quantum-resistant cryptography exists, implementing it across all blockchains will require coordinated effort.
Key milestones include:
- 2026: Coinbase’s advisory board launches.
- Mid-2030s: NIST predicts CRQCs become practical.
- Ongoing research and standardization by NIST, IBM, and other bodies.
The timing of these events underscores the urgency for developers, investors, and regulators to collaborate on quantum-ready solutions.
Key Takeaways
- Coinbase has set up a quantum advisory board to assess and mitigate risks.
- A CRQC could break current blockchain cryptography by the mid-2030s.
- Centralized fintech firms can upgrade faster than decentralized networks.
- Bitcoin’s high decentralization may delay necessary upgrades.
- Industry leaders and major tech firms are already preparing for Q-Day.
The crypto ecosystem faces a clear priority: quantum resilience. By acting now, stakeholders can safeguard digital assets and maintain trust as quantum technology advances.
